What are typical methods for squashing grapes in order to extract their juice?

The most typical methods for crushing grapes in order to extract their juice are as follows:

1) destemming and squashing: the grapes are first destemmed (i.e. the stems are removed) and then crushed;

2) whole-cluster pressing: the grapes, with stems still attached, are put into a press and carefully crushed in order to extract the juice;

3) foot-stomping: the grapes are placed into a container, such as a vat or tub, and crushed with bare feet;

4) device crushing: the grapes are positioned into a squashing maker, which utilizes steel or nylon rollers to crush the grapes. Get the facts